[231], Iceland is liberal with regard to LGBT rights issues. For both the European and the world championship, Iceland is to date the smallest nation in terms of population to qualify. so many like to hike the mountain and then visit the town. The Danish–Icelandic Act of Union, an agreement with Denmark signed on 1 December 1918 and valid for 25 years, recognised Iceland as a fully sovereign and independent state in a personal union with Denmark. Iceland has also participated in the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan and the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia. The Registers Iceland keeps account of the religious affiliation of every Icelandic citizen. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói bay. An overview of contracts for Iceland. It is a town of history, of arts, of skiing, of amazing cuisine and of Brynja ice cream, the best in the biz. Economic response packages, COVID-19 containment measures and news releases. According to a study published in 2001, 23% of the inhabitants were either atheist or agnostic. [219], Iceland has a very low level of pollution, thanks to an overwhelming reliance on cleaner geothermal energy, a low population density, and a high level of environmental consciousness among citizens. Anita Briem, known for her performance in Showtime's The Tudors, is also Icelandic. [27] The notion that Iceland's Viking settlers chose that name to discourage oversettlement of their verdant isle is a myth. Selfoss is the biggest town along the South Coast and has many great restaurants and a fantastic swimming pool. The most popular websites are the news sites Vísir and Mbl.is. Seafood is central to most Icelandic cooking, particularly cod and haddock but also salmon, herring, and halibut. It is said that the first Vikings is Iceland was a man whose name was Naddoðr from the Faroe Islands. We've sent you an email to confirm your subscription. As of 2009[update], Iceland had 3.7 doctors per 1,000 people (compared with an average of 3.1 in OECD countries) and 15.3 nurses per 1,000 people (compared with an OECD average of 8.4). (The island of Ireland is third.) A few years later, Iceland became the first country to recognise the independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania as they broke away from the USSR. Étainhus (Seine-Mar.) [89] The tallest tree in Iceland is a sitka spruce planted in 1949 in Kirkjubæjarklaustur; it was measured at 25.2 m (83 ft) in 2013. The largest town outside Greater Reykjavík is Reykjanesbær, which is located on the Southern Peninsula, less than 50 km (31 mi) from the capital. A modern revitalisation of the tradition began in 1929 with the formation of Iðunn. [101] It disbanded in 1999, formally merging the next year with the Social Democratic Alliance, although about half of its members joined the Left-Green Movement instead. It is one of the most impressive and easily accessible glaciers in Iceland and therefore an exceptionally great location for glacier hiking tours. Several strong beers are now made by Icelandic breweries. The cabinet is appointed by the president after a general election to the Althing; however, the appointment is usually negotiated by the leaders of the political parties, who decide among themselves after discussions which parties can form the cabinet and how to distribute its seats, under the condition that it has a majority support in the Althing. [244], Iceland's largest television stations are the state-run Sjónvarpið and the privately owned Stöð 2 and SkjárEinn. The bus can be a bit tricky if staying in Garðabær so it is better for those who have a rental car. The warm North Atlantic Current ensures generally higher annual temperatures than in most places of similar latitude in the world. [102] Following the 2016 elections, 48% of members of parliament are female. [107] 1.7 million people visited Iceland in 2016, 3 times more than the number that came in 2010. It became a part of the European Economic Area in 1994; this further diversified the economy into sectors such as finance, biotechnology, and manufacturing. In 2010, the Icelandic parliament amended the marriage law, making it gender neutral and defining marriage as between two individuals, making Iceland one of the first countries in the world to legalise same-sex marriages. [137] Another Capacent Gallup poll conducted in February 2012 found that 67.4% of Icelanders would reject EU membership in a referendum. [128], Until the 20th century, Iceland was a fairly poor country. Although "Republic of Iceland" is found in some documents, it does not have official status. [146] There was a currency crisis that started in the spring of 2008, and on 6 October trading in Iceland's banks was suspended as the government battled to save the economy. ", "Milestones of OMX and its Legal Entities", "Index of Economic Freedom 2012. [185] Three exploration licenses were awarded but all were subsequently relinquished.[186]. It’s main shopping and restaurants street is Laugavegur in the postal code 101 but all around it you can find hidden gems. The immediate post-war period was followed by substantial economic growth, driven by industrialisation of the fishing industry and the US Marshall Plan programme, through which Icelanders received the most aid per capita of any European country (at US$209, with the war-ravaged Netherlands a distant second at US$109). In 2005, 293 people moved from Iceland to Norway; in 2009, the figure was 1,625. The daily newspapers are Morgunblaðið and Fréttablaðið. [184], On 22 January 2009, Iceland announced its first round of offshore licences for companies wanting to conduct hydrocarbon exploration and production in a region northeast of Iceland, known as the Dreki area. [59] In the following years, Iceland saw a surge in tourism as the country became a popular holiday destination. Population, people. Iceland has a market economy with relatively low taxes, compared to other OECD countries,[15] as well as the highest trade union membership in the world. There is an extraordinary simplicity to the living in Iceland but yet every community seems to have its own identity and own way of living. The city name generator uses real world names rather than an algorithm to assemble unusual names. [81] Additional eruptions on 14 April forced hundreds of people to abandon their homes. In 1946, the US Defence Force Allied left Iceland. Iceland is also one of the leading countries in ocean rowing. Kópavogur. See more about the climate and seasons in Iceland. [187] Such a cable would give Iceland access to a market where electricity prices have generally been much higher than those in Iceland. Their annual festival is the Light Festival which is a music and arts festival held during the 1st weekend in September. Hafnarfjörður is a vibrant village with a great town center with shops, restaurants and cafés. 30 357. [citation needed] It is also one of a few countries capable of producing hydrogen in adequate quantities at a reasonable cost, because of Iceland's plentiful renewable sources of energy. It is a colorful city with an interesting history and quirky side streets. The film premiered at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival, where she won the Best Actress Award. The street art is also a distinctive factor in the overall look of Reykjavík and some artists have been paid a great deal to decorate the city center. Geothermally heated outdoor pools are widespread, and swimming courses are a mandatory part of the national curriculum. [172][circular reference], Renewable sources—geothermal and hydropower—provide effectively all of Iceland's electricity[173] and around 85% of the nation's total primary energy consumption,[174] with most of the remainder consisting of imported oil products used in transportation and in the fishing fleet. There, he meets an old girlfriend of his youth and they both begin a journey through the wilds of Iceland to die together. [158] By June 2012, Landsbanki managed to repay about half of the Icesave debt. From our time spent in Iceland and feedback gathered from our travel network here is our Top 10 of the best and most beautiful places to visit in Iceland… Gullfoss Waterfall – one of the most famously stunning places to visit in Iceland. Icelandic literature is popular, in particular the sagas and eddas that were written during the High and Late Middle Ages. Fjarðabyggð is the only one making the list from the, but this municipality is made up from the towns of Eskifjörður, Neskaupsstaður, Reyðarfjörður, Austurbyggð, Fáskrúðsfjarðarhreppur, Mjóafjarðarhreppur and Breiðadalshreppur. As a result, there is a limit on how many restaurants and grocery shops you can find in each town, as well as hotels. The Hot Dog stand down by Dominos and Subway is also a must-do stop, where you can get your carb-load going with fantastic hot dogs, subs, sandwiched and pitas. The Financial Supervisory Authority of Iceland used permission granted by the emergency legislation to take over the domestic operations of the three largest banks. Phytogeographically, Iceland belongs to the Arctic province of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. The most widely recognized landmark is the famous. Iceland is generally included in Europe for geographical, historical, political, cultural, linguistic and practical reasons. The climate of Iceland's coast is subarctic. [251], On 17 June 2010, the parliament passed the Icelandic Modern Media Initiative, proposing greater protection of free speech rights and the identity of journalists and whistle-blowers—the strongest journalist protection law in the world. steinn: stone: Stenhus (Denmark) There are numerous English place names containing the element -stan, such as Stanmore, but generally these appear to derive from the Old English word for stone, rather than the Old Norse cognate. Atlantic puffins, skuas, and black-legged kittiwakes nest on its sea cliffs. Þorramatur is a selection of traditional cuisine consisting of many dishes, and is usually consumed around the month of Þorri, which begins on the first Friday after 19 January. It serves several international and domestic airline companies. Located along the south western shores of the country, in the Faxa Bay area is, Reykjavik â the capital and the largest city of Iceland. Although the Danish kingdom introduced Lutheranism forcefully in 1550, Iceland remained a distant semi-colonial territory in which Danish institutions and infrastructures were conspicuous by their absence. The vote was 97% to end the union, and 95% in favour of the new republican constitution. This paved road is 1,332 km (828 mi)[163] long with one lane in each direction, except near larger towns and cities and in the Hvalfjörður Tunnel where it has more lanes. [145] There is also a value added tax, whereas a net wealth tax was eliminated in 2006. [145] Like other welfare states, taxpayers pay various subsidies to each other, but with spending being less than in most European countries. The Black Death swept Iceland twice, first in 1402–1404 and again in 1494–1495. [131] The constitution explicitly prohibits the enactment of noble privileges, titles, and ranks. [227] Registration of Icelanders in the state church, the Church of Iceland, is declining at a rate of more than 1% per year. Following is some information that is useful to decipher place names that you will find in the genealogical database, census records or other Icelandic text. Eyjafjallajokull is possibly Icelandâs most famous volcano due to its eruption in 2010. [14] In the following centuries, Norwegians, and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, emigrated to Iceland, bringing with them thralls (i.e., slaves or serfs) of Gaelic origin. Smaller stations exist, many of them local. Iceland hosted a summit in Reykjavík in 1986 between United States President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev, during which they took significant steps toward nuclear disarmament. Polish people make up the largest minority group by a considerable margin, and still form the bulk of the foreign workforce. [72] The country is considered a "strong performer" in environmental protection, having been ranked 13th in Yale University's Environmental Performance Index of 2012. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. Iceland won the world bridge championship (the Bermuda Bowl) in Yokohama, Japan, in 1991 and took second place (with Sweden) in Hamilton, Bermuda, in 1950. Egils saga, Laxdæla saga, Grettis saga, Gísla saga and Gunnlaugs saga ormstungu are also notable and popular Icelanders' sagas. Starlight, you ask the most difficult questions!!! The OECD Economic Survey of Iceland 2008 had highlighted Iceland's challenges in currency and macroeconomic policy. [263] The Icelandic national football team qualified for the 2016 UEFA European football championship for the first time. and can’t be missed if you are exploring the Ring Road. Reykjavík is also the most important port in Iceland. Get top travel stories & special offers to your inbox. Nevertheless, according to the Economist Intelligence Index of 2011, Iceland has the second-highest quality of life in the world. Natural disasters, including volcanic eruption and disease, contributed to a decreasing population. As a female name Kari means Black haired one in Gaelic, or Nordic Free ⦠With a fertility rate of 2.1, Iceland is one of only a few European countries with a birth rate sufficient for long-term population growth (see table below). It is the northernmost capital city of a Sovereign State in the world and one of the smallest capitals of Europe. , most commonly linked to being the town of lava, elves and Vikings. Mosfellsbær is the small farm town within Reykjavík, occupied by those who are looking to find peace, big gardens and a natural connection but still stay close to Reykjavík. [56] The crisis resulted in the greatest migration from Iceland since 1887, with a net emigration of 5,000 people in 2009. After being unwelcomed in his daughter's and father-in-law's house in town, he is put in a home for the elderly. [226] A Gallup poll conducted in 2012 found that 57% of Icelanders considered themselves "religious", 31% considered themselves "non-religious", while 10% defined themselves as "convinced atheists", placing Iceland among the ten countries with the highest proportions of atheists in the world. Some of the most interesting places to visit in Kópavogur are the swimming pools, Kópavogslaug and Salalaug, the mall Smáralind and Gerðarsafn – Kópavogur Art Museum. The island was governed as an independent commonwealth under the Althing, one of the world's oldest functioning legislative assemblies. . is the first town we mention which is located far away from the Reykjavík but it is often named the capital of the North, stating its significance and size compared to the other settlements in the North. [188] Iceland has considerable renewable energy resources, especially geothermal energy and hydropower resources,[189] and most of the potential has not been developed, partly because there is not enough demand for additional electricity generation capacity from the residents and industry of Iceland; the United Kingdom is interested in importing inexpensive electricity from renewable sources of energy, and this could lead to further development of the energy resources. It is also located within the capital region but it is the westernmost point of the region. Explore Iceland’s Capital with the Reykjavik City Card, 32 Iceland is at the juncture of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. One such genetic study indicated that the majority of the male settlers were of Nordic origin while the majority of the women were of Gaelic origin, meaning many settlers of Iceland were Norsemen who brought Gaelic slaves with them.[195]. [50] Iceland formally became a republic on 17 June 1944, with Sveinn Björnsson as its first president. The forests were heavily exploited over the centuries for firewood and timber. It is the most sparsely populated and the westernmost country in Europe. Home â Europe â Iceland. The main island is entirely south of the Arctic Circle, which passes through the small Icelandic island of Grímsey off the main island's northern coast. Covid-19 vaccine . Iceland's principal historical international disputes involved disagreements over fishing rights. [212], A considerable portion of the government budget is assigned to health care,[212] and Iceland ranks 11th in health care expenditures as a percentage of GDP[213] and 14th in spending per capita. Iceland has extensive genealogical records dating back to the late 17th century and fragmentary records extending back to the Age of Settlement. Solfarid Sculpture. The main island covers 101,826 km2 (39,315 sq mi), but the entire country is 103,000 km2 (40,000 sq mi) in size, of which 62.7% is tundra. [126] As a result of its commitment to renewable energy, the 2016 Global Green Economy Index ranked Iceland among the top 10 greenest economies in the world. [71] Iceland has three national parks: Vatnajökull National Park, Snæfellsjökull National Park, and Þingvellir National Park. USD. After having hiked Esja you should really not miss a stop at the Mosfellsbær swimming pool. Iceland has also produced many chess masters and hosted the historic World Chess Championship 1972 in Reykjavík during the height of the Cold War. [74] This means that the island is highly geologically active with many volcanoes including Hekla, Eldgjá, Herðubreið, and Eldfell. The planting of new forests has increased the number of trees, but the result does not compare to the original forests. [275] Bridge is also popular, with Iceland participating in a number of international tournaments. It is often prepared in a wide variety of ways, either smoked, pickled, boiled, or dried. The Hot Dog stand down by Dominos and Subway is also a must-do stop, where you can get your carb-load going with fantastic hot dogs, subs, sandwiched and pitas. [107] A more recent 2012 survey found that around three-quarters of respondents stated they were satisfied with their lives, compared to a global average of about 53%. Einar Hákonarson is an expressionistic and figurative painter who by some is considered to have brought the figure back into Icelandic painting. Today’s Icelandic baby names. Also, the name should contain letters that occur in the Icelandic alphabet. All public schools have mandatory education in Christianity, although an exemption may be considered by the Minister of Education.[191]. Reykjanesbær is the first municipality on the list but the most recognized area is the town of Keflavík, the one that the international airport takes its name after. It did leave a lasting influence on Iceland's politics: every major party has a 40% quota for women, and in 2009 nearly a third of members of parliament were female, compared to the global average of 16%. They recorded a draw against later winners Portugal in the group stage, and defeated England 2–1 in the round of 16, with goals from Ragnar Sigurðsson and Kolbeinn Sigþórsson. [144] Unlike most Western European countries, Iceland has a flat tax system: the main personal income tax rate is a flat 22.75%, and combined with municipal taxes, the total tax rate equals no more than 35.7%, not including the many deductions that are available. This time period is known as Jolabokaflod, the Christmas Book Flood. To city’s atmosphere is lively but slow paced and the locals friendly. Possession of Iceland passed from the Kingdom of Norway (872–1397) to the Kalmar Union in 1415, when the kingdoms of Norway, Denmark and Sweden were united. The establishment of the Kalmar Union in 1397 united the kingdoms of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden. Similarly, only 6% reported "rarely" or "never" socialising with others. [202] The total population reached a high point of perhaps 5,000, and developed independent institutions before disappearing by 1500. The president, in contrast, is elected by popular vote for a term of four years with no term limit. [232], Icelanders are known for their strong sense of community and lack of social isolation: An OECD survey found that 98% believe they know someone they could rely on in a time of need, higher than in any other industrialised country. Polar bears occasionally visit the island, travelling on icebergs from Greenland. Icelandic Statistics. sund: strait: ⦠[100] Known as the Women's List or Women's Alliance (Kvennalistinn), it was founded in 1983 to advance the political, economic, and social needs of women. [125] Use of abundant hydroelectric and geothermal power has made Iceland the world's largest electricity producer per capita. Plenty of first names are outlawed, too: Every first name in Iceland not on the government’s official list of 3,565 names must first be approved by the Icelandic Naming Committee. [107] Although it is a growing problem, obesity is not as prevalent as in other developed countries. [77], Iceland has many geysers, including Geysir, from which the English word is derived, and the famous Strokkur, which erupts every 8–10 minutes. [71], 74 municipalities in Iceland govern local matters like schools, transport, and zoning. Hit hard by the worldwide financial crisis, the nation's entire banking system systemically failed in October 2008, leading to an economic crisis[19] and the collapse of the country's three largest banks. ], in Iceland; several provisions of the constitution appear to give the president some important powers, but other provisions and traditions suggest differently. The ridge marks the boundary between the Eurasian and North American Plates, and Iceland was created by rifting and accretion through volcanism along the ridge. [97] Whale watching has become an important part of Iceland's economy since 1997. It is known for its extravagant houses and being home to some of the richest people in Iceland. 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